Hello Jake,
I think you should use the ÂŁ10 to buy and sell a couple of shares; and get yourself a little bit acquainted with what a share is, how they are bought and sold, and how its price fluctuates.
Once youâve gotten over the initial novelty of everything, I think a few important lessons are worth noting:
Firstly, you really must distinguish between investing and gambling. Investing should be treated with some discipline. When we use the word âinvestingâ in common parlance, we really mean that something will pay-off in the years to come. If you grow vegetables in a garden patch, then youâd expect the plants to sprout in the future weeks/months. You look after them, then you know itâs an âinvestmentâ. If you buy a fancy suit for an upcoming job, then you know that suit will be pay dividends when you go to meetings and meet clients and so on. Itâs the same with stocks. You should buy a stock with the same mentality. Unfortunately, people often speculate and gamble; and call it investing. Whilst the odd scratch card is a bit hamrless fun, it shouldnât be the approach with stocks. You owe it to yourself to take the âinvestment processâ seriously and not kid yourself that youâre investing when youâre just playing around. Again, Iâm not passing judgment, of course; but youâre never going to make progress in your investing pool of money otherwise. And that money will be important in your later years.
Secondly, as captured in Warren Buffettâs famous aphorism: âprice is what you pay, value is what you getâ. Donât get fixated on the price of a stock. Instead, ask yourself are you getting value. You can determine the value of a stock by looking at the company fundamentals. If you go to macrotrends, they have great guides on the balance sheet, income statement, and most importantly the cash flow statement. They give a beginners guide which I think is pretty good. You can then put a value by a company by applying the DCF of future cash flows. I know itâs probably all alien to you; but stick at it. Youâll find itâs actually fairly simple.
Thirdly, if you really are investing (as discussed in point 1) - then you should be thinking long-term. This is absolutely indispensable to any kind of meaningful success. I urge you to read or watch some intevriews on youtube of Dr. Daniel Kahneman. Heâs a very wise man who has drawn attention to our cognitive biases like sunken costs bias and the availiablity heuristic. (These are also important to bear in mind when it comes to investing). According to the eminent psychologist, when we make decisions we usually discount the future and weight the immediate consequences and current information. Itâs called hyperbolic discounting. This is totally detrimental. Moreover, we often react impulsively to news headlines with regards to our portfolios. This is insane because so much data/analysis has shown that the stocks that people sold (based on headlines) ended up doing very well a year later. We are wired to think in the moment and make impulsive decisions. Instead, you must force yourself to think long-term. It shouldnât matter if the stock prices is going to drop in the coming months - the real question is where the stock will go after a year or two. If youâve studied the company, and read their financial accounts and their annual report; then you should have a fairly good idea about the fundamentals. As Warren Buffett also taught us: " the stock market is a voting machine in the short-term, but a weighing machine in the long-run". Itâs the company performance that will eventually come to bear on the stock.
The only way for ordinary investors to beat the market is to be disciplined, have multiple checklists for stock investments, think long-term and see yourself as investing as opposed to gambling. Make up your own mind and think for yourself. Thereâs no harm in admitting that perhaps some cannot do it. After all, if you arenât prepared to read some financial statements; then what qualifies you to invest? I think thereâs no harm in sticking money in an index (S&P?). Again, no judgement from me. I happen to enjoy financial statements, but I appreciate most people arenât like me.
I could talk for ages on investing but I think itâs important to form a conceptual understanding about what youâre doing when youâre investing.
Good luck.
Let me know if you have any questions.